Search results for " kairomone"

Genetic variation in the behavioural mechanisms involved in the response of the egg parasitoid Trissolcus brochymenae to contact chemical cues left b…

2021

International audience; 1. The ability of parasitoid females to perceive chemical traces left by theirhosts is of utmost importance in the host location process. The behaviours involved insuch ability have thus most likely been promoted by natural selection in the course ofthe evolutionary time. For this to happen, however, there must be signicant geneticvariation in natural populations on which natural selection could act.2. Using the isofemale line method and motion analysis, we detected signicantintra-population genetic variation for several walking behaviour traits of the eggparasitoid Trissolcus brochymenae (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae) females responding tochemical traces left by its h…

Plant surface mediates interaction between true bug chemical footprints and scelionid egg parasitoids

2009

Chemical footprints left behind by true bugs act as contact kairomones inducing an arrestment response in scelionid egg parasitoids. Once in contact with contaminated substrates, female wasps display a characteristic arrestment posture followed by an increase of the host searching time. Previous studies were conducted on artificial substrates as filter papers, so that little is known about the effects of natural substrates on behavioural response by wasps. In field, the substrate where these interactions occur, i.e. the surface of plants, is covered by wax layers that can have a role in trophic interactions between insects. In this study, we investigated the influence of plant surfaces on a…

The behavioral responses of the egg parasitoid Ooencyrtus telenomicida to semiochemicals from first and second trophic level

2009

In this study the responses of females of the egg parasitoid Ooencyrtus telenomicida (Vassiliev) (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) to volatile and contact chemicals from its host Nezara viridula (L.) (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) and from host plant Solanum lycopersicum L. were investigated in a Y-tube olfactometer and in open arena. Our results in the Y-tube olfactometer tests showed that: (1) female wasps were attracted to volatiles from adult host virgin male and to volatiles from a host mated female, showing a clear preference for the volatiles emitted from the former; volatiles from host virgin females did not attract O. telenomicida females; (2) only volatiles produced by host-damaged plant com…

Chemical ecology of Bagrada hilaris (Burmeister) (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae): intraspecific and interspecific chemical cues

2020

The chemical ecology of Heteroptera insects is determined by a wide array of chemical signals (semiochemicals) that drive their behavior at intra- and inter-specific level. Intraspecific semiochemicals are called pheromones, interspecific chemicals are named allelochemicals. In the case of stink bugs, sex-pheromones and aggregation pheromone are produced by adult males. Furthermore, phytophagous stink bugs exploit chemical cues emitted from plants to find a suitable food and oviposition source. The semiochemicals involved in this process are named kairomones and are generally formed by specific blend or key odorants emitted from host plant. The chemical ecology of the phytophagous Pentatomi…

Strategie di ricerca dell’ospite nei parassitoidi e possibili impieghi in programmi di controllo biologico

2008

Responses of Aphytis chilensis to the synthetic sex pheromone of the Oleander scale

2002

Behavioral responses of the parasitoid Melittobia digitata to volatiles emitted by its natural and laboratory hosts

2010

Responses of macropterous females of the ectoparasitoid Melittobia digitata Dahms (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) to direct and indirect cues emitted by its natural hosts as well as laboratory hosts were investigated using a Y-tube olfactometer. To locate the nest ofmud dauber wasps, Trypoxylon politum Say (Hymenoptera: Crabronidae), and one of their inquilines, Anthrax spec., parasitoids exploit volatiles from the freshly built nest mud and the empty cocoon constructed by the wasps, as well as their meconium. However, the parasitoids did not respond to odors emitted by older nest mud or by the host stages that are attacked (T. politum prepupae and Anthrax spec. larvae). Melittobia digitata was n…

Only Females Oviposit: Chemical Discrimination of Adult Stink Bug Sex by the Egg Parasitoid Trissolcus japonicus

2021

Egg parasitoids foraging for suitable hosts scattered in the environment rely mainly on chemical cues. Elucidating the chemical ecology of natural enemies is important in the development of effective and successful strategies for conservation biological control. In this context, the host cuticular hydrocarbons, which are exploited by several species of egg parasitoids as contact kairomones, could be used to retain them by providing information about the presence and the sex of adults of the target species: sex is important because only females of the host species lay the eggs that can be subsequently utilized for parasitoid reproduction. However, the chemical basis of host sex discriminatio…

The role of contact chemoreception in the host location process of an egg parasitoid

2016

Taste allows insects to detect palatable or toxic foods, identify a mate, and select appropriate oviposition sites. The gustatory system strongly contributes to the survival and reproductive success of many species, yet it is rarely studied in insect parasitoids. In order to locate and assess a host in which they will lay their eggs, female wasps actively search for chemical cues using their sensory organs present mainly on the antennae. In this paper, we studied the role of antennal taste sensilla chaetica in the perception of contact semiochemicals in Trissolcus brochymenae (Hymenoptera: Platygastridae), an egg parasitoid of the brassicaceae pest Murgantia histrionica (Heteroptera: Pentat…

Behavioral response of the egg parasitoid Ooencyrtus telenomicida to host-related chemical cues in a tritrophic perspective

2010

The response of the generalist egg parasitoid Ooencyrtus telenomicida (Vassiliev) (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) to host-related chemical cues from tomato plants, Solanum lycopersicum L., and adults of Nezara viridula (L.) (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) was investigated in laboratory-based no-choice and paired-choice tests. In Y-tube olfactometer experiments, when female wasps were exposed to volatiles from plants in different conditions, they were attracted only to volatiles produced by N. viridula adult-infested tomato plants. When female wasps were exposed to adults of N. viridula, they were attracted to volatiles from virgin males, and, at a lower level, to volatiles from mated females in preov…